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Voice Services
Centrex is an older PBX-like service providing switching at the central office instead of at the customer's premises. Typically, the telephone company owns and manages all the communications equipment and software necessary to implement the Centrex service and then sells various services to the customer.
No switching equipment resides on the customer premise as the service is supplied and managed directly from the phone company's exchange site, with lines being delivered to the premises either as individual lines over traditional copper pairs or by multiplexing a number of lines over a single fiber optic or copper link. In effect, Centrex provides an emulation of a hardware PBX, by using special software programming at the central office, which can be customized to meet a particular customer's needs. As with a PBX, stations inside the group can call each other with 3, 4 or 5 digits, depending on how large the group, instead of an entire telephone number.
No switching equipment resides on the customer premise as the service is supplied and managed directly from the phone company's exchange site, with lines being delivered to the premises either as individual lines over traditional copper pairs or by multiplexing a number of lines over a single fiber optic or copper link. In effect, Centrex provides an emulation of a hardware PBX, by using special software programming at the central office, which can be customized to meet a particular customer's needs. As with a PBX, stations inside the group can call each other with 3, 4 or 5 digits, depending on how large the group, instead of an entire telephone number.
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Centrex
Integrated T1An integrated T1 is an Internet Protocol (IP)-based solution that integrates local and long-distance voice with Internet access on a single connection. It uses Voice over IP (VoIP) technology to give customers the advantage of using the entire circuit for Internet access when phones are not in use. Voice traffic has priority over data. When phones are in use, the bandwidth is automatically allocated from data to voice.
Integrated T1's are designed to meet the voice and data needs of small and medium businesses. Customers have access to the Internet for data and Internet voice calls, and to the gateway used to make calls to end users on the public switched telephone network (PSTN).
Integrated T1's are geared toward customers that want to retain their existing telephony infrastructure (private branch exchange (PBX), key system and handsets) or upgrade to a new premises-based PBX or key system. Integrated T1's are terminated at the customer’s premises using an integrated access device (IAD). The IAD acts as an aggregation point, sending voice traffic to the existing telephone system and data traffic to an existing local area network (LAN) or to the Internet.
Integrated T1's are designed to meet the voice and data needs of small and medium businesses. Customers have access to the Internet for data and Internet voice calls, and to the gateway used to make calls to end users on the public switched telephone network (PSTN).
Integrated T1's are geared toward customers that want to retain their existing telephony infrastructure (private branch exchange (PBX), key system and handsets) or upgrade to a new premises-based PBX or key system. Integrated T1's are terminated at the customer’s premises using an integrated access device (IAD). The IAD acts as an aggregation point, sending voice traffic to the existing telephone system and data traffic to an existing local area network (LAN) or to the Internet.
Integrated T1
Local Business Lines are plain old telephone service (POTS) providing dial tone and access to local calling. They are typically available as flat business lines or measured business lines depending on your local area and the carrier that is proving the service. Local Business Lines re available with no features or with a wide array of local calling features such as caller ID, hunting, call transfer, three way calling and many more.
Local Business Lines (POTS)
(Primary Rate Interface) An ISDN service that provides 23 64 Kbps B (Bearer) channels and one 64 Kbps D (Data) channel (23B+D), which is equivalent to the 24 channels of a T1 line. The advantage of the D channel is that it sends control signals that can dynamically allocate any number of B channels for different applications. For example, one channel can be used for voice, while another can be used for data, while six more can be used for a videoconferencing channel and so on. PRI lines typically use four wire pairs.
The European version is known as primary rate access (PRA) or 30B+D. PRA offers 30 B channels, plus one D channel, and is backward-compatible with E-1 transmission. PRI and PRA both provide a full-duplex (FDX) point-to-point connection through an NT2-type intelligent CPE switching device, such as a PBX or router, for interfacing with the central office (CO) switch. The B and D channels are clear channels of 64 kbps, as signaling and control are out-of-band. The B channels can be used individually to connect on demand to any other ISDN device, and multiple B channels can be bonded and treated as a single fast connection for bandwidth-intensive applications such as data file transfers, videoconferencing, and any multimedia combination. Although the D channel is reserved exclusively for signaling and control, those functions are fairly light. ISDN standards, therefore, provide for non-facility associated signaling (NFAS), which allows a D channel to support up to five PRI connections. PRI requires the extended superframe (ESF) format. Line coding is alternate mark inversion (AMI) with bipolar with eight-zeros substitution (B8ZS).This process is the same combination of techniques used in contemporary T1 circuits
The European version is known as primary rate access (PRA) or 30B+D. PRA offers 30 B channels, plus one D channel, and is backward-compatible with E-1 transmission. PRI and PRA both provide a full-duplex (FDX) point-to-point connection through an NT2-type intelligent CPE switching device, such as a PBX or router, for interfacing with the central office (CO) switch. The B and D channels are clear channels of 64 kbps, as signaling and control are out-of-band. The B channels can be used individually to connect on demand to any other ISDN device, and multiple B channels can be bonded and treated as a single fast connection for bandwidth-intensive applications such as data file transfers, videoconferencing, and any multimedia combination. Although the D channel is reserved exclusively for signaling and control, those functions are fairly light. ISDN standards, therefore, provide for non-facility associated signaling (NFAS), which allows a D channel to support up to five PRI connections. PRI requires the extended superframe (ESF) format. Line coding is alternate mark inversion (AMI) with bipolar with eight-zeros substitution (B8ZS).This process is the same combination of techniques used in contemporary T1 circuits
Primary Rate Interface (PRI)
SIP trunks enable the origination and termination of local voice, dedicated long-distance, as well as domestic and international toll-free service across a single broadband connection. SIP trunks routes voice calls from an IP-PBX across secure MPLS communication paths using Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) - a signaling protocol that delivers real-time, IP-based communications. Depending on where the calls terminate, they are either delivered to the Local Exchange Carrier in the customer's area or delivered off-network as a domestic or international long distance call.
Sip Trunks (SIP)
Dedicated Long Distance refers to the access of a long distance provider through a dedicated circuit. By installing a dedicated long distance circuit, customers have the ability to dial long distance calls directly into the provider’s network and avoid local line charges through their local voice carrier.
Dedicated Long Distance circuits are comprised of two separate components: the local loop and the long distance rate charges.
The local loop is the actual connectivity from the customer’s physical location to their Long Distance provider’s POP (Point-of- Presence).
Dedicated Long Distance rates are always better than switched long distance rates.
Dedicated Long Distance circuits are comprised of two separate components: the local loop and the long distance rate charges.
The local loop is the actual connectivity from the customer’s physical location to their Long Distance provider’s POP (Point-of- Presence).
Dedicated Long Distance rates are always better than switched long distance rates.
Dedicated Long Distance
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Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is a general term for a family of transmission technologies for delivery of voice communications over IP networks such as the Internet or other packet-switched networks. Other terms frequently encountered and synonymous with VOIP are IP telephony and Internet telephony.
Internet telephony refers to communications services — voice, facsimile, and/or voice-messaging applications — that are transported via the Internet, rather than the public switched telephone network (PSTN). The basic steps involved in originating an Internet telephone call are conversion of the analog voice signal to digital format and compression/translation of the signal into Internet protocol (IP) packets for transmission over the Internet; the process is reversed at the receiving end.
Internet telephony refers to communications services — voice, facsimile, and/or voice-messaging applications — that are transported via the Internet, rather than the public switched telephone network (PSTN). The basic steps involved in originating an Internet telephone call are conversion of the analog voice signal to digital format and compression/translation of the signal into Internet protocol (IP) packets for transmission over the Internet; the process is reversed at the receiving end.
Voice Over Internet Protocol (VoIP)